Wing-operating mechanism.



I To aZZ whom) it may concern:

.Be it known that I, ELISHA M. 'HAn'r v AN, a citizen of the United States, residing at' UNITED STATES "PATEN onion ELISHA HARTMAN, OF SOUTH BEND; INDIANA.

WING-OPEFiATING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

a Patented. Jan. 15,1907.

vhpplicatioufiled December 5,1905. Seria1 No.290,477.

South Bend, in the county of St. J osephand State of Indiana, have invented new and use ful Improvements in Wing-Operating Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

secured to the latter.

in its first movement.

This invention relates to a wing-operating mechanism, and while more especially a dapted for use upon aflying-rnachine it may be applied to otherdevices,

he object is to provide a mechanism for swinging 'a wing or blade in two directions first, in a direction at right angles to itsflat sides, so that-it will offer as much resistance to a'fluid-as possible, and then in a direction parallel with its flat sides, so as to offer as ttle resistance as possible to afiuid, where'- fore'the wing is feathered, g p.

With the above objects in view the mvention embodies a wing which is connected with a shaft that is first rotated axially by su1table gearing so as to swing the wing againstthe resistance of the air, and at the completion of this first stroke the shaft, with its journal, is rotated on its transverse axis so as to feather the wing. and restore it to its original position.

ora full understanding of the details of construction and the merits and advantages of my inventionreferenoe is to be had to the following description andto the accompanyin drawings, in whichigure 1 is a plan view of the wing and its operating mechanism, the Wing being in a position where it has made one-half of its stroke Fig. 2 is a side elevation with the wing ShOWIi'lIl a position at the beginning of its downward stroke; and Fig. 3 is a front elevation with the parts shownin full lines'as they a pear at the completion of the-first stroke o the wing and m dottedlines as they appear when the wing has partially returned to its position shown in Fig. 2, the orbit of the wing being ndicated" by the curved dotted lines.

Making renewed reference to the drawings, 1 designates a baseor support forthe drivingmechanism of the wing, and this may constitute part of a flying-machine, or it may be On this base are suitable bearings 2 and 3, in which is journaled a driving-shaft 4, on each end of which is a segmental gear 5 Each of the gears 5 meshes with segmental gears 6 on the ends of a shaft 7. The shaft 7 is journaledin a'suitable bearing 8, from which extends a spindle 10 that is journaled-in a bearing 9, fixed upon the base 1 near the edge thereof. On the inner end of this spindlelOis a beveled gear 1 1, which meshes'with a segmental beveled gear '12, fixed upon the driving-shaft 4 and having its teeth arranged so that theywill be engaged with'the beveled gear 11 when the the teeth of the gears 5 are engaged with the teeth of the segmental gear'6 the shaft 7 will be rotated on its longitudinal axis and cause the wing to be moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, wherein the wing is shown in an upright position at the beginningof its downward stroke, and as it moves downward the gears rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows, and the wing de.-.

arms 14, to w ,ich a'wing T scribes an arc of one hundred and eighty degrees fromizenith to. nadir. When it has reached the latter position, the teeth of the gears 5 and 6 are no longer in mesh; but the teeth of the segmental beveled gear 12 have ,now engaged the teeth of the beveled gear 11, and said gear, with its spindle 10, is caused to rotate in its bearing 9 and turn the shaft 7 on its transverse axis, causing the gears 6 to change positions from oneside to the other. During this last-mentioned stroke the wing 15 is swung edgewise at right anglesto its first s oke, and in Fig. 3 it is shown in full lines in the position it assumes when it has completedthe first stroke, while the dotted lines indicate the position of the parts when the -wing has moved to a position half-way between its lowest point and its highestpoint, its course being indicated by the arrows and the dotted lines.

It willbe, seen that vthewing is first moved in the direction against the resistance of the air and then swung at right angles to its first stroke, so. that its edge only encounters the resistance of the air, and at the completion of this last stroke thet'eeth of the gears ,5- and 6 are again brought into mesh, while the teeth I said shaft.

* Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. A wing-operating mechanism embodying a continuously-rotated driving-shaft,

a counter-shaft, a wing connected to the counter-shaft, gearing for rotating the countenshaft on its longitudinal axis to cause the wing to move against theresistance of the air, and gearing connecting the drivingshaft and the counter-shaft-for swinging'the counter-shaft on'its transverse axis.

2. A wing-operating mechanism emb0dy- 'ing a driving-shaft, a wing, means operated -by said shaft for swinging the wing-1n a direction at right angles to its flat faces against the resistance of the WIIId, and means on said shaft for swinging the wing at right angles to its first movement, and in a plane parallel with its flat faces,,wl1ereby the Wing is feathered.

3. A wing-operating mechanism embodying a continuouslyrotaterl driving-shaft, segspindle adapted to mesh with the said segmental beveled gear, a counter-shaftjournaled in said spindle, segmental gears on said counter-shaft adapted to mesh with the segmental gears on the driving-shaft, the teeth of the segmental gears of the driving-shaft being arranged to mesh with the teeth of the gears of the counter-shaft when the teeth of the segmental beveled gear-are out of mesh with the gear on the spindle, and a wing connected to the said counter-shaft.

4 The combination with a wing or blade, of mechanism for swinging said wing in the are of a circle at right angles to its fiat sides, and mechanism for swinging the wing in the arc of a circle parallel with its flat sides to restore it to its original position.

In testimony whereof I a'flix my signature in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELISHA M. HARTMAN I \Vitnesses:

GEORGE OLTSCH, G. M. COLE. 

